Where these numbers come from
The Scrum Guide states maximum timeboxes for a one-month Sprint: 8 hours for Sprint Planning, 4 hours for Sprint Review, and 3 hours for Sprint Retrospective. The Daily Scrum is fixed at 15 minutes regardless of Sprint length - it's a daily event, not one that scales.
Why shorter sprints get shorter timeboxes
The Scrum Guide states that these events are "usually shorter" for shorter Sprints but doesn't define an exact formula - this calculator applies simple proportional scaling (a one-week Sprint gets roughly a quarter of a one-month Sprint's Planning time) as a reasonable default, not an official rule.
Using this as a ceiling, not a target
These are maximums, not required durations - a well-refined backlog and an experienced team often need less time than the ceiling allows. Treat a Sprint Planning session that runs the full timebox every single Sprint as a signal worth investigating, not a badge of thoroughness.